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TIME: Almanac of the 20th Century
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TIME, Almanac of the 20th Century.ISO
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1960
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60walk
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1994-02-27
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<text>
<title>
(1960s) Space Walks
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1960s Highlights
</history>
<link 07797>
<link 00149><article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
Space Walks
</hdr>
<body>
<p> [The same year, both the Soviets and Americans achieved the
ability to keep a man alive in the emptiness of space--but the
Soviets did it first.]
</p>
<p>(March 26, 1965)
</p>
<p> Tied to a capsule by a 16-ft. tether, the first human
satellite whirled through the vacuum of space at 18,000 m.p.h.
For ten minutes Soviet Cosmonaut Aleskesi Arkhipovich Leonov
drifted and spun through dreamlike gyrations while he followed
the spaceship Voskhod II in its swift, elliptical path around
the distant earth. Then, as easily and efficiently as he had
emerged from his ship, Leonov climbed back inside. After 15 more
orbits, he and his comrade, Colonel Pavel Ivanovich Belyayev,
began the long flight home.
</p>
<p> With the brief solo excursion into hostile emptiness last
week, Lieut. Colonel Leonov took man's first tentative step down
the long and dangerous track that he must travel before he truly
conquers space. Circling the earth in a sealed and well-
provisioned capsule has been demonstrated to be well within
human capabilities, but the moon will never be explores, to say
nothing of Mars and the other planets, unless fragile men learn
to function in the outside vacuum where no earth-born organisms
are naturally equipped to live.
</p>
<p>(June 11, 1965)
</p>
<p> He stood on top of his spaceship's white titanium hull. He
touched it with his bulky thermal gloves. He burned around like
Buck Rogers propelling himself with his hand-held jet. He
floated lazily on his back. He joked and laughed. He gazed down
at the earth 103 miles below, spotted the Houston-Galveston Bay
area where he lives and tried to take a picture of it. Like a
gas station attendant, he checked the spacecraft's thrusters,
wiped its windshield. Ordered to get back into the capsule, he
protested like a scolded kid. "I'm doing great," he said. "It's
fun. I'm not coming in." When, after 20 minutes of space
gymnastics, U.S. Astronaut Edward Higgins White II, 34, finally
did agree to squeeze himself back into his Gemini 4 ship, he
still had not had enough of space walking. Said he to Command
Pilot James Alton McDivitt: "It's the saddest day of my life."
</p>
<p> White's exhilarating space stroll provided the moments of
highest drama during Gemini 4's scheduled 62-orbit, 98-hour,
1,700,000-mile flight. White spent twice the time outside the
spacecraft that Soviet Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov did last March
18, and he had much more maneuverability: all Leonov did was
somersault around at the end of a tether, getting dizzy, while
White moved around pretty much at will.
</p>
<p> In Gemini 4, the U.S. took a big step toward closing the gap
in the man-in-space race, in which the Soviet Union got off to
a head start. More important, the flight signaled the advent of
the second generation of U.S. spacecraft and spacemen. The
two-man Gemini capsule is to the old Mercury capsule what a
Thunderbird is to a Model T. For the first time, a U.S. space
flight was controlled from Houston's supersophisticated Manned
Space Center, which makes Cape Kennedy almost as obsolete as a
place once called Canaveral.</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>